IFR Flights of 13MIKE
by Fred J. Calfior and Douglas W. Miller
FLIGHT |
Takeoff:
"Turning onto an open runway is life in the fast lane! Who in his or her right mind wouldn't want to be a pilot, if they knew what this was all about? You know, at the Naval Academy, I had a very similar feeling when cruising with the Yard Patrol craft in Santee Basin and the Chesapeake Bay. Open those throttles up and smell the diesel, watch the water rush by under the bow, and see the other YP craft somewhere within the formation pattern. The freedom of the seas is much the same as the freedom of the skies. I love it! Yeah, yeah, okay! Sentimental fool that I am! Only joshing! Check fuel, flaps are up - remember, no flap takeoff - oil temperature and pressure green, and trimmed for takeoff. Lined up beautifully - go!"
1) Record TIME________________________________
2) Release brakes and taxi onto runway 6
3) Advance power to "FULL"
4) Maintain centerline of runway
5) At 50 knots airspeed, lift nose wheel off runway
6) At 70 knots, ease back on the yoke to establish a 10 degree pitch up attitude
7) Maintain a climb AIRSPEED of 80 knots
8) Raise Gear when there is no more runway to land on
9) Reset NAV 1 OBS to a centered needle
10) At "600" feet above the ground, turn RIGHT to a heading of "235"
11) Tune COM to "127.3"
"Perfect! Very nicely flown! You jumped on that like a bug on a pork chop, or however that saying goes in Texas!"
You:
"SAN DIEGO DEPARTURE, CESSNA 9413MIKE IS WITH YOU, PASSING NINER HUNDRED FOR SLX THOUSAND."
San Diego Departure:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, SAN DIEGO DEPARTURE, IDENT."
12) Reduce power to about "2300" RPM at "1000" feet above the ground (AGL)
13) Press the IDENT button (simulate)
14) Reset NAV 1 OBS to a centered needle
"Wonderful! Now don't forget about the fifteen hundred foot move. You're a smoothie on this departure!"
15) When the altimeter reads "1500" feet, turn RIGHT to a centered needle
16) Track inbound on the OCEANSIDE VOR direct radial displayed
** 17) What is the NAV 1 OBS centered needle HEADING?
________________________________________(25 pts)
San Diego Departure:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, SAN DIEGO DEPARTURE, RADAR CONTACT."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, ROGER."
"Well, well! No vectors, just a ‘Be on your way’ kind of salutation! Next comes station passage over Oceanside VOR, then a straight shot to Seal Beach VOR with either a clearance to continue or else we 11 have some holding practice. Boy, is that ever a Pandora's Box full of treasures and techniques when talking about holding! I'll introduce some of those concepts for you during this flight."
Instrument Departure:
1) When the DME on NAV 1 reads "0.4" [0.5], turn right to a heading of "300"
2) Set NAV 1 OBS to "300"
3) Track outbound on the OCEANSIDE VOR 300 radial
4) When passing "5000" feet, press "P" to pause the simulation
** 5) Record your:
NAV 1 CDI POSITION____________________(40 pts)
AIRSPEED______________________________(35 pts)
HEADING_______________________________(30 pts)
NAV 1 DME DIST________________________(25 pts)
RPM___________________________________(25 pts)
LIGHTS_________________________________(15 pts)
6) Press "P" to continue the simulation
**
"Atten-hut! Parade right! Salute the Marines at Camp Pendleton off our right wing! HWWRRAHHH! You know, I used to associate those sounds with the Marine Corps, but now it seems more normal to consider them of Klingon origin! What are the names of the three intersections we'll fly over on this Victor airway?
1)______________________________________
2)______________________________________
3)______________________________________(10 pts)
How many miles is it from Oceanside VOR to Seal Beach VOR?
______________________________________________(5 pts)
Southwest of Van Nuys is the home of the world's greatest Buffalo Burgers imaginable! What airport am I talking about?
______________________________________________(5 pts)
[If you miss this one, get 13MIKE's first book!]
What is the outbound course of the enroute holding pattern at Seal Beach ?
______________________________________________(5 pts)
And you can see it's left hand turns, not right hands turn, right? That makes it a nonstandard holding pattern, since right hand turns are standard."
Level off:
1) Begin to level off when the altimeter reads "5900" feet
2) Maintain "6000" feet
3) Reduce power to about "2200" [2400] RPM
San Diego Departure:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, CONTACT LOS ANGELES CENTER ONE TWO SIX POINT THREE FIVE."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, SWITCHING ONE TWO SIX POINT THREE FIVE. SO LONG!"
4) Tune COM to "126.35" (Los Angeles Center)
You:
"LOS ANGELES CENTER, CESSNA 9413MIKE WITH YOU SIX THOUSAND."
Los Angeles Center:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, LOS ANGELES CENTER, RADAR CONTACT."
Enroute Hold:
** 1) When the NAV 1 DME DIST reads "18.0", record your:
GROUND SPEED________________________(25 pts)
DISTANCE REMAINING TO SEAL BEACH VOR
_______________________________________(15 pts)
2) When the NAV 1 DME DIST reads "23.0", transition to NAV 2 OBI
3) Set DME to "NAV 2"
4) Track inbound on the SEAL BEACH VOR 120 radial
"Do you know why we switched to Seal Beach at twenty three DME from Oceanside? Because that's what is called the changeover point for this specific leg of the Victor airway we're on. There are three ways to identify a changeover point. And by the way, a changeover point, or COP, is where you switch a navaid frequency to where you're going instead of where you came from. Anyway a COP occurs either:
1. where it's designated by what I call a half a swastika symbol
2. where a definite course change occurs
or
3. at the halfway point, if reasons one or two don't happen
In our case, it's halfway, so that's why we did the switcheroo!"
** 5) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "13.5", record your:
NAV 2 CDI POSITION____________________(30 pts)
ALTITUDE______________________________(20 pts)
** 6) How many seconds does it take for the NAV 2 DME DIST to go from "11.0" to "10.1"?
_______________________________________(20 pts)
** 7) Based on this data, what is your GROUND SPEED?
_______________________________________(20 pts)
"What you have just accomplished is called an airborne ground speed check. DME pretty much gets rid of that procedure, unless you're off airway not tracking a VOR, but you still want to know the basics of IFR navigation, and that's one of them. We're about three minutes away from Seal Beach, so let's give Center a jingle to see whether we can boost a clearance out of them, or else maintain the original game plan until the EFC time arrives."
You:
"LOS ANGELES CENTER, CESSNA 9413MIKE WOULD LIKE FURTHER CLEARANCE FROM SEAL BEACH TO VAN NUYS IF POSSIBLE."
Los Angeles Center:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, LOS ANGELES CENTER, EXPECT FURTHER CLEARANCE IN ONE FIVE MINUTES. HOLD SOUTHEAST AS PUBLISHED."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, HOLD SOUTHEAST SEAL BEACH AS PUBLISHED."
"Two important factors about holding are the control of a one minute inbound leg, and whatever necessary crab correction you'll need to fly a good holding pattern. One rule of thumb to remember is that if you have a certain crab angle needed to maintain the inbound holding pattern track, then make sure you double that angle on the outbound one. In our case, winds are from one four zero degrees, so it'11 be a little bit of a left correction on the inbound leg. Whatever the correction is, double it to the right on the outbound leg."
8) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "7.5", reduce power to about "1600" [2050] RPM (100 knot holding speed)
9) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "0.4" [0.9], turn LEFT to a heading of "120" (standard rate)
10) Maintain "120" course for 1 1/2 minutes
You:
"LOS ANGELES CENTER, CESSNA 13MIKE HAS ENTERED HOLDING."
Los Angeles Center:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, ROGER."
"We're going outbound for a minute and a half because it's a headwind you're flying into, twenty degrees off your right nose. So to get that one minute inbound leg, where the ground speed will be greater than the outbound leg, we must extend the time on the outbound leg."
11) Turn LEFT towards a heading of "300" (standard rate)
"I believe we'11 overshoot our inbound course because of the wind, so don't forget to turn past the three zero zero heading to get back on the inbound track."
12) When wings are level, note TIME._______________
13) Track inbound on the SEAL BEACH VOR 120 radial
14) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "0.4" [0.9], note TIME, and turn LEFT to a heading of "125"_______________
** 15) TOTAL INBOUND TIME IS__________________(20 pts)
16) Maintain "125" course for 1 3/4 minutes
"This is a slight correction to the right to compensate for overshooting the inbound course the first time. And we needed more outbound time to get the one minute inbound time, so we'11 see how this works!"
17) Turn LEFT towards a heading of "300"
18) Track inbound on the SEAL BEACH VOR 120 radial
Los Angeles Center:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, CLEARED TO VAN NUYS AIRPORT."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE IS CLEARED VAN NUYS."
"Okay! They cleared us a little bit earlier than our EFC time. I was getting dizzy anyway! Now we head towards Los Angeles and begin our next major consideration of an instrument approach into Van Nuys. Always think ahead. Otherwise the AHEAD will become the PAST NOW! Got that? And that's when all of a sudden you've switched activities from flying to playing pool - because you got yourself behind the eight ball!"
19) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "0.4" [0.9], turn LEFT to a heading of "272"
20) Set NAV 2 OBS to "272"
21) Increase power to about "2200" [2400] RPM
22) Track outbound on the SEAL BEACH VOR 272 radial
"Now is as good a time as any, while you're reporting to Center anyway, to get a frequency change approved so you can receive Van Nuy's ATIS information."
You:
"LOS ANGELES CENTER, CESSNA 13MIKE IS LEAVING HOLDING. REQUEST PERMISSION TO SWITCH OFF FREQUENCY FOR A MOMENT."
Los Angeles Center:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, APPROVED AS REQUESTED. REPORT BACK ON."
Enroute Cruise:
1) Tune NAV 1 to "113.6" (LAX)
2) Set NAV 1 OBS to "304"
3) Tune COM to "118.45" (Van Nuys ATIS)
"VAN NUYS AIRPORT, INFORMATION ALPHA, ZERO FOUR FIVE FIVE ZULU WEATHER, ESTIMATED CEILING FOUR HUNDRED OVERCAST, VISIBILITY TWO AND ONE HALF IN HAZE, TEMPERATURE FIVE THREE, DEWPOINT FOUR ONE. WIND ONE FOUR ZERO AT ONE TWO, ALTIMETER TWO NINER NINER SIX. ILS RUNWAY ONE SIX RIGHT IN USE. LANDING RUNWAY ONE SIX RIGHT. ADVISE ON INITIAL CONTACT YOU HAVE INFORMATION ALPHA."
4) Set ALTIMETER, set HI, and check FUEL
5) Tune COM to "126.35" (Los Angeles Center)
You:
"LOS ANGELES CENTER, CESSNA 9413MIKE IS BACK WITH YOU."
Los Angeles Center:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, LOS ANGELES CENTER. ROGER."
6) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "10.0", press "P" to pause the simulation
** 7) Record your:
HEADING to keep NAV 2 CDI centered_______(35 pts)
ALTITUDE______________________________(25 pts)
AIRSPEED______________________________(20 pts)
RPM___________________________________(15 pts)
COM FREQUENCY______________________(10 pts)
LOS ANGELES VOR IDENT
_______________________________________(5 pts)
8) Press "P" to continue the simulation
**
"Your next checkpoint of interest is what?_________________(5 pts)
Do you see the comment ‘V-25 2700 SE’ associated with that fix? That's a minimum crossing altitude, and it pertains to you only if you are heading southeast bound from the intersection along Victor twenty five. In other words, if you were coming from Los Angeles VOR southeast bound along Victor twenty five, some time before reaching this intersection, you would have to scoot up two hundred feet from the shown two thousand five hundred MEA to at least the required two thousand seven hundred right at the intersection, and continue the climb to three thousand two hundred which is the following MEA."
9) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "16.0", turn RIGHT to a heading of "304"
10) Track inbound on the LOS ANGELES VOR 124 radial that your NAV 1 OBI is displaying
11) Tune NAV 2 to "113.1" (VNY)
12) Set DME to "NAV 1"
13) When the NAV 1 DME DIST reads "0.7" [1.2], set NAV 2 OBS to a centered "TO" needle
14) When the NAV 1 DME DIST reads "0.4" [0.9], turn to the heading of the centered needle
15) Track inbound on that direct radial to VAN NUYS VOR
16) Set DME to "NAV 2"
** 17) What radial are you tracking inbound on?_________(40 pts)
"You notice there is no Victor Airway from this point on? That's why on the flight plan, it's filed as Los Angeles VOR direct to Van Nuys, which then happens to be the initial approach fix for the ILS into runway one six, which ATIS told us was in use. This stuff is easy, ain't it?"
Los Angeles Center:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, CONTACT BURBANK APPROACH ONE THREE FOUR POINT TWO."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, SWITCHING ONE THREE FOUR POINT TWO. ENJOYED IT!"
18) Tune COM to "134.2" (Burbank Approach)
You:
"BURBANK APPROACH, CESSNA 9413MIKE IS WITH YOU."
Burbank Approach:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, BURBANK APPROACH, RADAR CONTACT. CLEARED ILS RUNWAY ONE SIX RIGHT APPROACH INTO VAN NUYS. REPORT UMBER INBOUND."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE CLEARED ILS RUNWAY ONE SIX RIGHT. WILL REPORT UMBER INBOUND."
19) Press "P" to pause the simulation
**
"While I've got your attention, turn to your approach plate for the ILS runway one six right into Van Nuys.
1. What is your initial heading once crossing Van Nuys VOR?
________________________________________(5 pts)
2. If glides lope fails, this approach could continue as a localizer approach. TRUE or FALSE______________________________________(5pts)
3. How many miles is it from Van Nuys VOR to the displaced threshold of runway 16R?____________________________________(5 pts)
4. You can go no lower than what altitude before intercepting glideslope?____________________________________(5 pts)
5. A straight in landing to runway 16R has for a decision height an altitude of___________________________________(5 pts)
6. The first altitude of concern in the missed approach procedure is to be at or below________________________________(5 pts)
Oh boy! It's almost time to do an ILS! These are great experiences, especially with the localizer being as sensitive as it is. Also, note that you will have to use both the localizer and the VORfor this approach. Well, you don't have to, but if you want to know your DME, you will have to!"
20) Press "P" to continue the simulation
21) Tune NAV 1 to "112.5" (FIM)
22) Set NAV 1 OBS to "054"
23) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "0.4" [0.8], turn LEFT to a heading of "324"
"Now begins the initial segment of this instrument approach procedure. You're looking cool!"
24) Set NAV 2 OBS to "324"
25) Track outbound on the VAN NUYS VOR 324 radial
Weather:
Clouds
1) Set Thunderstorm - COVERAGE to "widely scattered"
Initial approach segment:
1) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "11.5", press "P" to pause the simulation
** 2) Record your:
NAV 2 CDI POSITION__________________________(35 pts)
HEADING to keep NAV 2 CDI centered
______________________________________________(30 pts)
VSI___________________________________________(25 pts)
3) Press "P" to continue the simulation
4) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "12.0", reduce power to about "2000" [2300] RPM (120 knots)
5) When the NAV 1 CDI is 2 dots LEFT of center, turn RIGHT to a heading of "054"
6) Track outbound on the FILLMORE VOR 054 radial
7) Set NAV 2 OBS to "334"
8) Reduce power to about "1800" [2150] RPM (110 knots)
9) When the NAV 2 CDI is centered, turn a very gradual RIGHT to a heading of "160" (half standard rate turn)
10) Tune NAV 1 to "111.3" (IVNY)
11) Set NAV 1 OBS to "160"
12) Track inbound on the IVNY LOCALIZER 340 radial
"Now begins your intermediate segment of the instrument approach procedure. Remember to report UMBER inbound. You're looking neat!"
Final approach:
1) Descend to and maintain "4300" feet at 110 knots
You:
"BURBANK APPROACH, CESSNA 9413MIKE, UMBER INBOUND."
Burbank Approach:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, BURBANK APPROACH, CONTACT VAN NUYS TOWER ONE ONE NINER POINT THREE."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, SWITCHING TOWER ONE ONE NINER POINT THREE."
2) Tune COM to "119.3" (Van Nuys Tower)
You:
"VAN NUYS TOWER, CESSNA 9413MIKE, LOCALIZER INBOUND RUNWAY ONE SIX RIGHT APPROACH WITH ALPHA."
Van Nuys Tower:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, VAN NUYS TOWER, RUNWAY ONE SIX RIGHT, CLEARED TO LAND. WIND ONE FIVE ZERO AT ONE ONE. REPORT FIELD IN SIGHT."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, CLEARED TO LAND. WILL REPORT FIELD."
3) When at "4300" feet, adjust airspeed to 100 knots
4) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "7.6", glideslope needle should be centered
5) Begin descent on glideslope
6) Select GEAR "DOWN"
7) Set CARB HEAT "ON"
"Keep scanning that glideslope needle and CDI, but don't chase. Set a rate of descent, set a heading, and then analyze if they are right. If not, set a different rate of descent, a different heading, and analyze again. Over and over. You're looking suave!"
8) When the NAV 2 DME DIST reads "4.0", press "P" to pause the simulation
** 9) Record your:
NAV 1 GLIDESLOPE INDICATOR POSITION
_______________________________________(40 pts)
ALTITUDE______________________________(35 pts)
AIRSPEED______________________________(30 pts)
VSI____________________________________(25 pts)
STROBES______________________________(20 pts)
GEAR_________________________________(20 pts)
RPM__________________________________(15 pts)
DECISION HEIGHT______________________(10 pts)
COM FREQUENCY______________________(10 pts)
CARB HEAT____________________________(10 pts)
10) Press "P" to continue the simulation
11) When runway 16R is in sight, slow to 90 knots
You:
"VAN NUYS TOWER, CESSNA 13MIKE HAS THE FIELD."
Van Nuys Tower:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, ROGER."
12) Set FLAPS to first notch (10 degrees)
13) Set FLAPS to second notch (20 degrees)
14) Airspeed should be 75 knots
15) When you are 10 to 20 feet off the runway, reduce power to about "1000" RPM and start to slowly pitch the nose of the aircraft up to slow your descent and establish a touchdown attitude
16) When you are five feet off the runway, hold the nose of the aircraft up and allow the airspeed to SLOWLY bleed off. Your aircraft will settle onto the runway while you follow the centerline
17) After touchdown, reduce power to 600 RPM
18) Apply the brakes
Van Nuys Tower:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, TURN RIGHT FOURTH INTERSECTION, ONE ZERO GOLF. CONTACT GROUND POINT SEVEN EXITING THE RUNWAY."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, ONE ZERO GOLF."
"WOW! That was pretty seeing the field pop visible like it did! And you absolutely stunned me with your control of that approach! What a pilot! Wrap things up for us, and we'll close another exciting adventure with a successful check mark of fun!"
19) Taxi the aircraft off the active runway to the RIGHT
20) When the aircraft has stopped, set CARB HEAT to "OFF"
21) Set FLAPS to "0"
22) Tune COM to "121.7" (Van Nuys Ground)
You:
"VAN NUYS GROUND, CESSNA 9413MIKE ON ONE ZERO GOLF FOR TAXI."
Van Nuys Ground:
"CESSNA 9413MIKE, VAN NUYS GROUND, TURN LEFT AND PROCEED TO PARKING BY THE TOWER."
You:
"CESSNA 13MIKE, ROGER."
** 23) Record the TIME_______________________(5 pts)
TOTAL POINTS POSSIBLE FOR THIS FLIGHT ___930___
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